printf() and scanf() in C

• The printf() and scanf() functions are used for input and output in C language. Both functions are inbuilt library functions, defined in stdio.h (header file).

printf() function

• The printf() function is used for output. It prints the given statement to the console.
• The syntax of printf() function is given below:

1.                              printf("format string",argument_list);  

• The format string can be %d (integer), %c (character), %s (string), %f (float) etc.

scanf() function

• The scanf() function is used for input. It reads the input data from the console.
• scanf("format string",argument_list);  

Program to print cube of given number

Let's see a simple example of c language that gets input from the user and prints the cube of the given number.

#include<stdio.h>    

int main()

{

int number;    

printf("enter a number:");    

scanf("%d",&number);    

printf("cube of number is:%d ",number*number*number);    

return 0;  

}    

Output

enter a number:5

cube of number is:125

The scanf("%d",&number) statement reads integer number from the console and stores the given value in number variable.

The printf("cube of number is:%d ",number*number*number) statement prints the cube of number on the console.

Program to print sum of 2 numbers

Let's see a simple example of input and output in C language that prints addition of 2 numbers.

#include<stdio.h>    

int main(){    

int x=0,y=0,result=0;  

  

printf("enter first number:");  

scanf("%d",&x);  

printf("enter second number:");  

scanf("%d",&y);  

  

result=x+y;  

printf("sum of 2 numbers:%d ",result);  

  

return 0;  

}    

Output

enter first number:9

enter second number:9